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Troya Savasi Ve Ilyada Destani

Troya Savasi Ve Ilyada Destani


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About the Book

Eski Yunan'da, sair Homeros'un yazdigi varsayilan buyuk bir destandir. Bir baska Homeros destani olan Odeysseia ile birlikte, bati edebiyatinin en eski ornegi ve tum zamanlarin en guzel siirlerinden sayilir. Hem Ilyada hem de Oysseisa, Truva Savasi ve bu savasta yer alan insanlarla ilgili soylenceleri dile getiren, kosukla yazilmis destanlardir. Tarihciler Yunanistan'tandaki Akhalar ile Bati Anadolu'da yasamis olan Truvalilar arasindaki bu savasin yaklasik I.O. 1199'da gectigi gorusundedir. Akhalar'in Truva'yi kusatmalarinin ise 10 yil surdugu sanilmaktadir. Bu konuda o kadar cok oyku ve soylence vardir ki, hangisinin gercek hangisinin uydurma oldugunu bilme olanagi yoktur. Yunanca'da Truva'nin bir adinin da Ilios olmasindan dolayi Homeros'un destani Ilyada adini aldi. Homeros, yasadigi donemde herkesin bu oykuyu bildigini dusunerek, Truva kusatmasini bastan sona anlatmaz; savasin 10. yilinda sadece dort gun icinde gecen olaylari anlatir. Savas neredeyse bitmek uzeredir. Truva efsanesinin bu bolumu "Asil'in Ofkesi" olarak bilinir. Ilyada'nin Oykusu: Kral Agamemnon, Truva Savasi sirasinda Akhalar'in baskomutaniydi. Kralin en yigit ve basina buyruk savascisi olan Asil, kimseye boyun egmeden, kendi bildigince hareket ediyordu. Asil'in savasta kacirdigi Briseis adinda Truvali bir kiz yuzunden Asil ile Agamemnon arasinda anlasmazlik cikti. Tutsagi olan bir kizi babasina geri vermeye razi olan Agamemnon, onun yerine Asil'in sevdigi Briseis'i istiyordu. Agamemnon'a boyun egmek zorunda kalan Asil, kizi ona verdi. Ne var ki, hirsini alamayarak savastan cekildi. Agamemnon'u cezalandirmasi icin, deniz tanricasi olan annesi Thetis'i cagirdi. Thetis, tanrilarin krali Zeus'tan yardim istedi. Boylece cok gecmeden yalnizca Asil ve Agamemnon degil, tanri ve tanricalarda kavgaya karisti. Tanrilarin ise karismasi Yunan askerlerini telaslandirdi. Agamemnon, gordugu bir duse aldanarak, ordusuna artik Yunanistan'a donulecegini bildirdi. Askerlerin Truva'yi ele gecirmeden donmek istemeyeceklerini sanarken, onlarin gitmeye can attiklarini gormek onu dus kirikligina ugratti. Yunanli komutanlar orduyu yeniden savas duzenine sokmakta gucluk cektiler. Butun bu olaylar Yunan ordusunun savas gucunu ve birligini zayiflatmisti. Iki ordu arasinda savas yeniden baslarken, Paris'in kardesi Hektor, savasin nedeni Paris'in Sparta Krali Menelaos'un karisi Helen 'i kacirmasi olduguna gore, anlasmazligin Paris ile Menelaos arasinda dovusle cozumlenmesini onerdi. Bu dovuste tam Paris yenilecekken, annesi olan tanrica Afrodit onu son anda kacirarak kurtardi. Boylece ordular arasinda bir kez daha savas basladi.
About the Author: M.O. 8. yuzyilda Izmir'de veya Sakiz Adasi'nda yasadigi sanilan Homeros, Yunan duygu ve dusuncesinin ilk urunleri olan Ilyada ve Odysseia adli destanlarin derleyicisidir. Troya Savasi'na iliskin soylenceleri toplayan Ilyada'da, eski Yunanlilarin gelenek ve gorenekleri, dini ve felsefi inanclari ve Canakkale'nin tarihi cografyasi hakkinda onemli bilgiler vardir. Konusu, kurulusu ve anlatim yontemleri bakimindan Ilyada'dan farkli olan Odysseia'da ise Troya'nin yikilisindan sonra, yurdu Ithake'ye donmek uzere yola cikan Akha onderlerinden Odysseus'un 10 yil suren yolculugu sirasinda basindan gecen olaylar anlatilir. Bu destanda da ayni turden bilgilere rastlamak mumkundur. M.O. 4. yuzyilda Atina'da yaziya aktarilan Homeros Destanlarindaki dini anlayis, Atinalilar tarafindan aynen benimsenmis ve Ilyada ve Odysseia, Yunan egitiminin temeline yerlestirilmistir. Bunlarin Yunan toplumundaki islevi, M.O. 4. yuzyilda Platon'un Devleti'nde elestirilinceye dek hic sorgulanmamistir.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781986374675
  • Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
  • Publisher Imprint: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
  • Height: 229 mm
  • No of Pages: 416
  • Spine Width: 24 mm
  • Width: 152 mm
  • ISBN-10: 198637467X
  • Publisher Date: 09 Mar 2018
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: Turkish
  • Returnable: N
  • Weight: 657 gr

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