"Switching" and "Persistence" Redefined: The Complexity of STEM Persistence.- The Significance of Interest and Choice.- High School to College: Student Preparation and Transition.- Learning Experiences in Gateway Courses and their Consequences.- Learning Experiences throughout STEM Majors.- Teaching Practices: Observed and Evaluated.- The Processes of Switching and Relocation.- Factors Beyond College that Shape Career Choices.- What Enables Persistence?.- Summary and Conclusions.

Elaine Seymour is co-founder and director emerita of Ethnography & Evaluation Research (E&ER) at the University of Colorado at Boulder (UCB). Her work has focused on change in STEM education and career paths, including efforts to improve quality, access, and diversity. Her best-known work, co-authored with Nancy M. Hewitt, Talking about Leaving: Why Undergraduates Leave the Sciences, (1997) which the current volume revisits and extends, is widely cited for its contribution to the nationwide effort to improve undergraduate STEM education. In addition to her many articles, published volumes by Seymour and E&ER members based on their research include: Talking about Disability: The Education and Work Experiences of Undergraduates with Disabilities in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Majors (1998); Partners in Innovation: Teaching Assistants in College Science Courses (2005) which draws on E&ER's evaluation studies of science education reform initiatives; and Undergraduate Research in the Sciences: Engaging Students in Real Science (2010), a comprehensive study of the benefits and costs of undergraduate research and the processes whereby these arise. She also contributed chapters on the processes of change and resistance to change to Transforming Institutions: Undergraduate STEM Education for the 21st Century (2015). In recognition of her research on women in science and engineering, WEPAN awarded her their 2002 Betty Vetter Award for Research, and, in 2006, she testified before Congress on trends and needs in STEM education reform. To meet the needs of classroom innovators for course evaluation methods relevant to their learning objectives, she co-developed, and continues to expand the scope of, the widely-used Student Assessment of their Learning Gains (SALG) online instrument that focuses exclusively on what students gain from their courses. She is a sociologist and a British-American whose education and career have been conducted on both sides of the Atlantic.

Anne-Barrie Hunter is co-director of Ethnography & Evaluation Research and program manager for the Center for STEM Learning at the University of Colorado Boulder. Hunter worked with Seymour and Hewitt on the original Talking about Leaving study. Since then, she has collaborated on many E&ER research and evaluation projects focused on postsecondary STEM education improvement, specializing in those aimed at persistence to graduation of students historically under-represented in STEM fields. She and Seymour have worked closely on multiple projects, notably in co-authoring Talking about Disability: The Education and Work Experience of Graduates and Undergraduates with Disabilities in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Majors (1998) and Undergraduate Research in the Sciences: Engaging Students in Real Science (2010), to which Hunter contributed; a qualitative meta-analysis of evidence on the outcomes of undergraduate research, identification of the specific benefits of 'authentic' research experiences and of the costs and benefits to faculty of UR engagement. Grounded in this research, she co-developed E&ER's Undergraduate Research Student Self-Assessment (URSSA) survey, a free, online, validated evaluation instrument for the assessment of UR programs in STEM fields. Hunter has acted as PI, co-PI, external evaluator and consultant for numerous STEM education improvement projects, including the Howard Hughes Medical Institute's Undergraduate Science Education Program and Inclusive Excellence grants, as well as multiple NSF projects, notably awards that support the advancement of women physicists, climate change education initiatives, and institutional STEM transformation efforts. She was the PI for the five-year, multiple methods study on which the present volume is based; is co-PI for an NSF grant to align administrative systems to enable easier two-year college transfers and is an external evaluator for the Science Technology Center at CU Boulder. Her interests focus on institutional change to support quality STEM education and on faculty professional development in pedagogy that promotes and sustains broader participation in college STEM education.