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Risikofaktor Nachtarbeit

Risikofaktor Nachtarbeit


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About the Book

Seit Beginn der Industrialisierung im 20. Jahrhundert hat sich die Schicht- und Nachtarbeit durch die technologischen, sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Zwänge im Berufsalltag etabliert. Im gegenwärtigen Zeitalter führen vor allem die 24 Stunden-Dienstleistungen zu einer Zunahme der Schicht- und Nachtarbeit (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Arbeitsmedizin und Umweltmedizin e. V., DGAUM, 2008). Obwohl die Arbeitsformen sich schnell verändern, hinken die Arbeitszeitstrukturen hinterher. Besonders die Doppelbelastung von bezahlter Tätigkeit und Haushalt wird nur geringfügig durch angepasste Arbeitszeiten subventioniert (Wüthrich, 2003). Jeder fünfte Arbeiter oder Angestellte ist im Nachtdienst bzw. in Wechselschicht tätig und die Tendenz ist steigend. In den Jahren 1995-2000 war eine jährliche Zunahme von etwa 5% zu verzeichnen. Für viele der im Schichtdienst Tätigen ist diese Tatsache zur Normalität geworden. Gleichwohl würde ein Viertel diese Dienstform gerne aufgeben und weitere 23% der Befragten würden gerne weniger in dieser Form arbeiten (Verdi, 2009, Gesund arbeiten-gut leben mit Schichtarbeit). Laut Statistischem Bundesamt (2005) arbeiteten im ersten Quartal 2004 49% der erwerbstätigen Bevölkerung in Deutschland ständig, regelmäßig oder gelegentlich am Wochenende bzw. in Nacht- oder Wechselschicht. Die unterschiedlichen Berufsgruppen aus Industrie und Wirtschaft sind sehr heterogen von Nacht- und Schichtarbeit betroffen. Dabei sind die Gesundheitsberufe (40%), zusammen mit den Fertigungsberufen (43%), am stärksten vertreten. Aktuelle Zahlen belegen, dass 17 Millionen Erwerbstätige in Wechselschicht arbeiten und davon allein 1,9 Millionen Männer und 600.000 Frauen in Nachtarbeit (IPA-Journal, 3/2009). Da die innere biologische Uhr einen Schlafrhythmus vorgibt, wird in der Zeit von 23.00-7.00 Uhr gegen diesen inneren Mechanismus gearbeitet. Subjektiv mag es unterschiedlich empfunden werden, dennoch kann Nachtarbeit nicht zur Gewohnheit werden, oder gar der Schlaf auf Vorrat


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783863413781
  • Publisher: Bachelor + Master Publishing
  • Publisher Imprint: Bachelor + Master Publishing
  • Height: 254 mm
  • No of Pages: 62
  • Series Title: German
  • Sub Title: Soziale Ausgrenzung, "Burnout und Übergewicht
  • Width: 178 mm
  • ISBN-10: 3863413784
  • Publisher Date: 31 Oct 2012
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: German
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 3 mm
  • Weight: 177 gr


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