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Revue de Philologie, de Litterature Et d'Histoire Anciennes Volume 87

Revue de Philologie, de Litterature Et d'Histoire Anciennes Volume 87


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Sophie AUBERT-BAILLOT. - Une singularite rhetorique: la vertu stoicienne de l'elaboration (?atas?e ) (p. 7-26)Definie comme l'expression qui consiste a eviter la trivialite, la ?atas?e stoicienne est une vertu du discours originale, qui semble etre nee dans un contexte aristotelicien, theophrastien plus exactement, ou elle revetait le sens d' ornementation, jusqu'a ce que le Stoicien Diogene de Babylonie lui fit subir un inflechissement en se reclamant notamment de la pensee socratique du Gorgias. Entendue dans son sens premier comme constitution et disposition elaboree de l'expression, elle designe en un deuxieme sens l' entrainement . Cette ascese (pa?as?e ) stylistique a pour corollaire l'idee d' equipement, en l'occurrence d'un arsenal rhetorique destine a favoriser une triple adaptation du discours - au theme traite, puis a l'orateur, muni des outils lui permettant de faire face a toutes les circonstances, et enfin a l'auditoire, qu'il ne faut incommoder ni par un langage relache ni par des deficiences techniques et un manque de preparation. L'acception d' ornementation nait de ce passage d'une definition restrictive - le rejet de tout ?d t's - a une elaboration stylistique envisagee de maniere positive, tournee vers l'efficacite et l'agrement (au double sens d'accord et de plaisir) du public.Sophie AUBERT-BAILLOT. - A singular virtue in rhetoric: Stoic elaboration of speech (?atas?e ) (p. 7-26)Defined as "the expression which consists in avoiding triviality", Stoic ?atas?e is a stylistic virtue that is quite original. It seems to be born in an Aristotelian, or more precisely Theophrastean, context, where it meant "ornamentation", until it was altered by the Stoic Diogenes of Babylon, himself under the influence of Socratic thought as it is developed in Plato's Gorgias. Its original meaning being "constitution", the word ?atas?e refers to an elaborate stylistic disposition, or mode of expression. Its second meaning, "training", is akin to stylistic ascesis (pa?as?e ) and implies the idea of "equipment", i.e. of a rhetorical arsenal designed to promote a threefold adaptation of speech - first to the topic, then to the speaker, endowed with the necessary tools to face every kind of circumstances, and finally to the audience that an orator should not bother with a loose speech or with technical deficiencies and a lack of preparation. The meaning of "ornamentation" stems from this shift between a restrictive definition (the rejection of any ?d t's ) to a stylistic elaboration thus considered positively, that is efficiency-oriented, creating both a sense of agreement and pleasure among the audience.Marie AUGIER. - Sur le sens de d?a e's dans un reglement du IIIe siecle apres J.-C. de l'ile de Rhodes (p. 27-36)Cette etude porte sur le terme d?a e's, qui apparait dans un reglement de Rhodes contenant des prescriptions cathartiques (Blinkenberg, Lindos II, n 487). L'analyse revient tout d'abord sur l'interpretation que Franciszek Sokolowski avait donnee du terme dans son Supplement de 1962 (n 91). Il lui avait donne le sens de viol de jeune fille et non celui de defloration, alors meme que ce terme est un hapax dans la documentation epigraphique et qu'il apparait dans une suite de prescriptions cathartiques peu explicites. Pour tenter de comprendre ce que pouvait signifier ce terme, l'etude s'appuie sur le contexte reglementaire dans lequel il a ete employe, sur l'analyse du mot et sur les mentions du terme dans d'autres types de documents, tels que les traites de medecine ou les recits.Marie AUGIER. - On the meaning of d?a e's in a third century CE regulation from Rhodes (p. 27-36)This paper deals with the meaning of the word d?a e's in an inscription from Rhodes which contains purity regulations (Blinkenberg, Lindos II, n 487). The analysis reconsiders first Franciszek Sokolowski's interpretation in his Supplement (1962, n 91). In his view, the term positively refers to the rape of a girl and not to her deflowering, even though it is a hapax in epigraphic documents, occurring in a list of purity regulations which are not clear. In order to grasp the meaning of the term, this study relies on the very context of the regulation in which it is used of the word itself, and on the mentions of the term in other documents, such as medical treatises or narratives.Francesca Romana BERNO. - Avere la morte fra le mani. Nota a Sen., Epist. 51, 9 (p. 37-40)In Sen. Epist. 51, 9 (Quo die illam [sc. fortunam] intellexero plus posse, nil poterit: ego illam feram, cum in manu mors sit ?), alcuni editori stampano illam, altri illa me: quest'ultima scelta mi sembra preferibile, perche intellego presuppone un ragionamento, mentre il fatto che la sorte sia piu potente degli uomini e ovvio. Al termine del periodo, un punto fermo mi sembra piu opportuno di un punto interrogativo: ferre fortunam in Seneca ha il senso positivo di sopportare e superare le avversita, e in manu esse allude al suicidio come forma estrema di lotta e vittoria contro la sorte. Dunque, queste proposizioni vanno intese come esplicative di quanto precede in senso affermativo, e non interrogativo o di interrogazione retorica.Francesca Romana BERNO. - Having Death at Hand: A Note to Sen. Epist. 51.9 (p. 37-40)In Sen. Epist. 51.9 (Quo die illam [sc. fortunam] intellexero plus posse, nil poterit: ego illam feram, cum in manu mors sit?), editors print either illam or illa me: illa me seems more convincing, since the verb intellego implies the result of a reasoning, while the fact that fortune is more powerful than men is obvious. At the end of the sentence, it would be better to insert a full stop rather than a question mark: ferre fortunam in Seneca means "to bear" in a positive sense, viz. "to get over misfortune"; in manu esse alludes to suicide as a supreme form of victory against fate, so the two propositions explain the previous sentence in a positive, and not in an interrogative (or rhetorically interrogative) way.Eric DIEU. - L'etymologie de l'adjectif grec ?esp's (p. 41-59)L'adjectif grec ?esp's, divin, extraordinaire, merveilleux, prodigieux, repose sur un compose dont le second membre a pu etre rattache soit au groupe de p? raconter, annoncer, proclamer, selon l'analyse traditionnelle, soit a une racine *speh1- engraisser; reussir, aboutir, arriver a, suivant une etymologie proposee par M. Meier-Brugger. Le present article s'efforce de montrer, par un examen des occurrences les plus anciennes de cet adjectif dans la litterature grecque, que l'etymologie traditionnelle doit etre preferee.Eric DIEU. - Zur Etymologie von griechisch ?esp's (p. 41-59)Das griechische Adjektiv ?esp's "gottlich, ubermenschlich, gewaltig, wundervoll" beruht auf einer Zusammenbildung von ?es- und einem Hinterglied, das entweder mit der Sippe des Verbums p? "ansagen, erzahlen, verkunden" verwandt ist, wie es gemeinhin angenommen wird, oder von einer idg. Wurzel *speh1- "gedeihen, sich ausdehnen; vorwartskommen, Erfolg haben, gelingen" stammt, wie M. Meier-Brugger es vorgeschlagen hat. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz legt eine philologische Diskussion die Annahme nahe, dass die traditionelle Hypothese wahrscheinlicher ist.Mathieu ENGERBEAUD. - La Bataille d'Ausculum (279 av. J.-C.), une defaite romaine ? (p. 61-80)Les differents recits conserves de la bataille d'Ausculum (279 av. J.-C.) presentent un paradoxe. Cet affrontement, qui oppose l'alliance des Romains a celle du roi Pyrrhus, est celebre dans l'Antiquite. Cependant, les treize sources litteraires qui mentionnent la bataille presentent des versions contradictoires de l'issue du combat. Ces temoignages racontent en effet aussi bien la victoire du roi d'Epire que celle des Romains. Malgre ces versions divergentes, la bataille est traditionnellement consideree par les historiens comme un nouveau succes de Pyrrhus contre les Romains, succedant a sa victoire d'Heraclee un an plus tot. Cependant, une reevaluation des differentes versions de cette bataille pourrait permettre de nuancer l'idee meme de defaite romaine a Ausculum.Mathieu ENGERBEAUD. - The Battle of Ausculum (279 BCE), a Roman defeat? (p. 61-80)A paradox lies within the various accounts of the 279 BCE Battle of Ausculum. This confrontation, which pitted Rome and its allies to the forces of King Pyrrhus, was famous in Antiquity. Notwithstanding its fame, the outcome of the fight gave way to various and even contradictory accounts, as is evidenced by the comparison between the thirteen literary sources that relate these events. Some of them present the battle as being won by King Pyrrhus, and others as a Roman victory. In spite of these divergent versions, the battle is traditionally considered by the historians as a new success of Pyrrhus against the Romans, after his previous victory in Heraclea one year earlier. A cross-reading of the various versions of this battle leads us to reconsidering the context and the way in which the idea of a Roman defeat in Ausculum may have originated.Antoine FOUCHER. - L'hiatus interlineaire dans les elegies de Tibulle (p. 81-105)Cet article se propose d'etudier l'hiatus interlineaire dans les elegies de Tibulle, aux deux niveaux possibles du distique elegiaque: a la fin de l'hexametre ou bien a la fin du pentametre. L'examen, d'abord prosodique, puis metrique et syntaxique et enfin stylistique, du phenomene revele la facon dont Tibulle concoit l'architecture du distique, dont la complexite est plus grande qu'il n'y parait.Antoine FOUCHER. - Interlinear hiatus in the Elegies of Tibullus (p. 81-105)The aim of this paper is to study the interlinear hiatus in the elegies of Tibullus, which can intervene at two possible places in the elegiac distich: at the end of the hexameter or at the end of the pentameter. The study of this phenomenon, firstly on a prosodic level, then on a metrical, syntactic and finally stylistic level, sheds new light on Tibullus' various and complex approaches to the architecture of the elegiac distich.Sebastien MORLET. - La Preparation evangelique d'Eusebe et les Stromates perdus d'Origene: nouvelles considerations (p. 107-123)Deux nouvelles considerations permettent d'etayer l'hypothese, proposee par H.D. Saffrey en 1975, puis par l'auteur en 2004, d'un emprunt aux Stromates d'Origene dans la Preparation evangelique d'Eusebe (livres XI-XII): 1) le chapitre sur le nom divin (XI, 12) presente des paralleles avec la facon dont Origene parle du tetragramme; 2) le developpement sur la justesse des noms hebreux (XI, 6) contient des elements qui orientent vers une source origenienne.Sebastien MORLET. - Eusebius' Praeparatio evangelica and Origen's lost Stromateis: a reconsideration (p. 107-123)Two new observations lead to sustain the hypothesis, first suggested by H.D. Saffrey in 1975, then by the author in 2004, that Eusebius' Praeparatio evangelica (books XI-XII) were influenced by Origen's Stromateis: 1) the chapter on the divine name (XI, 12) echoes the way Origen speaks about the tetragrammaton; 2) the exposition on the appropriateness of Hebrew names (XI, 6) contains elements which lead back to an originenian source.Yann RIVIERE. - L'interdiction de l'eau, du feu... et du toit (sens et origine de la designation du bannissement chez les romains) (p. 125-155)L'enquete vise a saisir le sens et l'origine de l'ancienne formule de bannissement chez les Romains. Employee, selon la legende, pour la premiere fois par Romulus (D.H. 2, 53, 1), elle n'est pas attestee historiquement avant un proces comitial tribunicien pour crime contra rem publicam date de l'annee 212 av. J.-C. (Liv., 25, 4, 9), tandis que le plus ancien document qui la mentionne est une satire de Lucilius (Lucil., Sat. 29 C. = 787M). Ce texte insere la formule dans une representation cosmique unissant les quatre elements (l'eau, le feu, la terre et l'air). Certaines interpretations ont ete proposees par les Anciens, (notamment P. Fest., p. 3, L) qui permettent de rapprocher le bannissement d'autres rites de franchissement, de separation ou de delimitation ou sont convoques l'eau et le feu. Comment comprendre alors l'introduction (provisoire sans doute) d'un troisieme terme, avec l'interdiction du toit apparue au dernier siecle de la Republique, au cours des guerres civiles ? Sans doute faut-il la mettre en rapport avec une limitation de l'hospitium. Ces questions lexicales peuvent contribuer a eclairer les differents contextes proceduraux dans lesquels la formule est employee. Encore presente dans les sources du debut du Haut-empire, elle disparait a partir de l'epoque severienne ou elle est explicitement remplacee par le terme deportatio.Yann RIVIERE. - The interdiction from water, fire... and roof (meaning and origin of the designation of banishment by the Romans) (p. 125-155)The inquiry aims to understand the meaning and the origin of the old formula of banishment by the Romans. Used for the first time, according to the legend by Romulus (D. H. 2, 53, 1), it is not historicaly attested before the comitial tribunician process for crime contra rem publicam in 212 BCE (Liv., 25, 4, 9), and its most ancient attestation is a satire of Lucilius (Lucil., Sat. 29 C. = 787M). This text inserts this formula in a cosmic representation in which the four elements are mentioned (the water, the fire, the earth and the air). Some interpretations of such a designation were proposed by the Romans, (especially P. Fest., p. 3, L): these brief commentaries contribute to put the banishment together with other rituals of "transition", "delimitation" or "separation", in which the fire and the water are used. How can we understand the introduction (provisional, as it seems) of a third term, that is the interdiction from "roof" which seems to appear in the course of the last century of the Republic, during the civil wars? Maybe it could be linked to the limitation of the hospitium. These question of vocabulary may enlight the different contexts of procedure where this formula appears. It is always employed at the beginning of the High Empire, then it disappears from the Severan period onwards, when the jurists decide to replace it with the word deportatio.Pierre VESPERINI. - Marc Aurele, la verite heroique et la melancolie (p. 157-172)Marc Aurele emploie dans ses ecrits (III, 12) une expression, verite heroique ( e?a), difficile a comprendre. Faute de rapprochements probants, plusieurs savants ont donc modifie le texte. Cet article propose une elucidation de cette expression a partir d'un nouveau rapprochement: un mot de Favorinus cite par Aulu-Gelle, ou l'on voit d'une part que la verite designe ici le franc-parler de la pa s?a, et, d'autre part, que ce qui lie la condition heroique au franc-parler, c'est la constitution melancolique.Pierre VESPERINI. - Marcus Aurelius, "heroic truth" and melancholy (p. 157-172)In his writings (III, 12) Marcus Aurelius uses an expression, "heroic truth" ( e?a), which is uneasy to understand, mostly for want of convincing parallels. Therefore some scholars modified the text.This article proposes to solve the riddle thanks to a new parallel: a quote from Favorinus in Aulus Gellius. It shows that "truth" here means the "frank speech" of pa s?a, and that what links a heroic condition to sincerity is a melancholic constitution.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9782252039601
  • Publisher: Klincksieck
  • Publisher Imprint: Klincksieck
  • Language: French
  • Returnable: N
  • Sub Title: Fascicule 1
  • ISBN-10: 2252039604
  • Publisher Date: 20 Feb 2015
  • Binding: Paperback
  • No of Pages: 202
  • Series Title: Revue de Philologie, de Litterature Et D'Histoire Anciennes
  • Weight: 750 gr

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