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garde pontificale suisse

garde pontificale suisse


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About the Book

Clément VII est devenu pape après la mort de son prédécesseur Adrien VI. Comme tous les papes depuis Jules Il, il est protégé par la garde suisse pontificale. Cette garde a été crée le 22 janvier 1506 sur décision du pape Jules II afin d'assurer la protection du pape. Durant la renaissance, les mercenaires suisses étaient considérés comme étant les meilleurs soldats et ils offraient leurs services auprès de toutes les cours européennes. Le pontificat de Clément VII ne sera pas de tout repos, car il intervient durant une période remplie de troubles, notamment en raison des thèses de Martin Luther qui conduiront à la réforme protestante et de la rivalité entre le roi de France, François Ier, et l'empereur du Saint-Empire romain germanique, Charles-Quint. Ces deux rois se livrent des guerres en Italie et en France, mais aucun d'entre eux ne parvient à prendre le dessus sur l'autre. Charles Quint a tout de même un léger avantage, car il remporta plus de batailles décisives que son adversaire, mais il n'en tirait jamais les profits escomptés.C'est dans ce contexte qu'intervient le sac de Rome le 6 mai 1527, durant lequel l'armée impériale pilla la ville, tout en y commettant toutes sortes d'atrocités. Cette armée était composée de près de 34 000 hommes, qui étaient des Italiens, des Espagnols et des Allemands. Une grande partie d'entre eux étaient des protestants, ce qui explique la fureur avec laquelle ils s'acharnèrent sur la ville et ses habitants. Leur haine était motivée par leur conviction religieuse et leur ressentiment à l'égard ce que le pape et la ville de Rome représentaient pour les catholiques.Rome ne disposait que de 5 000 hommes pour assurer sa protection, ainsi que de 189 gardes suisses pontificaux commandés par le commandant Caspar Röist. Le pape assistait à une messe à basilique Saint-Pierre au moment de l'assaut et il sera escorté par 42 gardes suisses pontificaux vers le château Saint-Ange, une forteresse imprenable. Tandis que les 147 autres se sacrifieront pour sauver la vie du pape, en retardant le plus possible ses poursuivants. Ils savaient qu'ils n'avaient aucune de s'en sortir vivant, en le faisant, mais ils les combattirent devant la basilique Saint-Pierre et ils furent tous massacrés. Au prix de leur vie, ils respectèrent la devise de la garde pontificale suisse: Courage et fidélité . Ce sacrifice explique pourquoi jusqu'à nos jours, la protection du pape est toujours assurée par cette garde.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781799206545
  • Publisher: Amazon Digital Services LLC - KDP Print US
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: French
  • Returnable: N
  • Sub Title: Le sacrifice ultime
  • Width: 152 mm
  • ISBN-10: 1799206548
  • Publisher Date: 09 Mar 2019
  • Height: 229 mm
  • No of Pages: 102
  • Spine Width: 6 mm
  • Weight: 213 gr

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