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Código Negro

Código Negro


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About the Book

Se llamó Código Negro a un conjunto de medidas de castigo para las personas de raza negra emitidas temporalmente en situaciones de emergencia. Los Códigos Negros se aplicaron en las colonias españolas. El presente se promulgó en Puerto Rico, por Juan Prim, entonces gobernador de la isla. Este código pretendió prevenir las rebeliones de esclavos.

El Código Negro de Prim seguía una larga tradición de medidas racistas y represivas en contra de la raza africana en Puerto Rico. En el año 1812, Salvador Meléndez y Bruna, entonces gobernador de Puerto Rico, prohibió el mero hecho de promover la abolición de esclavitud, entre otras represalias mucho más duras. Parecía existir un miedo a una rebelión o revolución masiva de negros.

El militar español Juan Prim fue nombrado capitán general de Puerto Rico en octubre de 1847. Su mando duró solamente hasta julio de 1848, pero fue suficiente para implementar este temible y terrible Código Negro. Con él Prim, mediante duras represalias, intentó impedir la sublevación de los esclavos puertorriqueños.

El Código negro de Prim autorizaba a los dueños de esclavos el castigarlos a su gusto, en casos de intento de escape, pues servía para


evitar que los demás sigan su ejemplo.


El sistema tenía que proteger la supremacía blanca. Esto significa que todos los negros, no solamente los esclavos, estaban bajo control legal pues eran una amenaza. Prim comienza estableciendo penas a los delitos que


cometan los individuos de raza africana residentes en la isla, sean libres o esclavos.


Esta primera referencia establece con claridad que no se trata de un sistema de control de los esclavos solamente. Los negros libres también estarían sometidos al control colonial.

El artículo primero, establece que los delitos cometidos por individuos de raza africana se juzgarían en un tribunal militar con jurisdicción exclusiva. Este aspecto deja claro que el esclavo o el libre no es un ciudadano, miembro del cuerpo político.

El artículo segundo, establece que si un individuo de raza africana libre o esclavo, hiciere armas contra los blancos será pasado por las armas. Debemos notar que Prim ordena que, si un negro usa armas contra los blancos sea ejecutado, sin importar si su acto se justifica.

Según este bando el uso de armas por parte del esclavo contra el blanco justificada que sea la agresión suponía la pena de muerte.

Cuando se tratase de un negro libre, se aplicaría la mutilación como castigo. El bando de Prim establece que si el agresor fuere libre se le cortará la mano derecha. Sin embargo, este mismo documento establece que si el blanco fuera herido por el negro, entonces se aplicará la pena de muerte.

El Código Negro de Prim pone en evidencia el poder de la supremacía blanca que se construyó sobre la exclusión y deshumanización del negro. También pone en evidencia las profundas conexiones entre la supremacía blanca y el colonialismo.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9788411268271
  • Publisher: Radames Molina
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: Spanish
  • Returnable: Y
  • Weight: 50 gr
  • ISBN-10: 8411268276
  • Publisher Date: 01 Jan 2024
  • Height: 210 mm
  • No of Pages: 30
  • Spine Width: 2 mm
  • Width: 148 mm


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