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Ajedrez y peronismo 1944/1945

Ajedrez y peronismo 1944/1945


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About the Book

1944: Continúa la guerra mundial y Hitler se muestra desesperado, hiperactivo y verborrágico. Se disuelve el GOU --grupo de coroneles que asestaron el golpe militar-- y Perón asciende vertiginosamente. Se emiten los Decretos por delitos contra la seguridad del estado y secretos militares. El gobierno crea el Consejo Nacional de posguerra. Un fuerte terremoto en San Juan causa 10.000 muertos. Se sanciona el fuero laboral. Fallece Roberto Grau, alma máter del ajedrez argentino.
1945: Braden o Perón; del abismo a la cima. Se acerca la derrota del Eje y se reúne la Conferencia de Chapultepec. Argentina es conminada a firmar las Actas. Argentina declara la guerra al Eje cuando la guerra termina. Llega el embajador Spruille Braden y Perón aprovecha sus ingenuidades y primitivismo, creando la Secretaría de Trabajo. Surge el nombre de Eva.
En el Apéndice se incluye un informe sobre los acontecimientos estudiantiles de 1945 (toma de las universidades nacionales), donde fueron detenidos 2700 hombres y 300 mujeres.
Este volumen continúa con el desarrollo del ajedrez argentino posterior a El Impresionante
Torneo de Ajedrez de las Naciones tomo 3, que abarcó los años 1940/1943.
Luego del cuartelazo militar del 4 de setiembre de 1943 se produjo en el país un vacío de poder
ostensible, que causó serios daños a la sociedad. Como causas del golpe podemos mencionar la
llamada "Década Infame" -comenzada en 1930- que lo precedió, las consecuencias derivadas de
la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la situación económica y social, la migración interna, movimientos
internos militares que causaron el desplazamiento del general Pedro Pablo Ramírez, la muerte del
general Agustín P. Justo -que dejó un gran vacío de liderazgo en las Fuerzas Armadas- y el surgimiento
de agrupaciones sociales y políticas nuevas.
Las consecuencias fueron la limitación de las libertades sociales individuales, una severa represión
que produjo la detención de militantes políticos y gremiales, la clausura de la sede de la Federación
Obrera de la Industria de la Carne. Entre otros, fue detenido y enviado al Sur el gremialista
comunista José Peter, que estuvo preso sin proceso un año y cuatro meses. Se disolvió el Congreso
Nacional y se intervino la Universidad Nacional del Litoral.
En el ámbito del ajedrez, luego de la caída de la Comisión Directiva de la FADA en 1941 (De
Muro y Grau), tomó el poder el sector del Club Argentino encabezado por Carlos Querencio. Las
invitaciones a los torneos fueron direccionadas a los ajedrecistas de esa institución, en tanto eran
excluidos los del Círculo. Esta situación llevó al cisma del ajedrez argentino, cuando los tres clubes
principales de la ciudad de Buenos Aires -Círculo de Vélez Sarsfield, Club Jaque Mate y Círculo-
se separaron de la FADA y fundaron la Asociación Metropolitana con idea de crear en un futuro
próximo una Confederación Argentina que nucleara a la Capital y a las federaciones del interior.
El fallecimiento de Grau en 1944 a los 44 años fue conmocionante y condicionó gravemente el
desarrollo del ajedrez en los siguientes años. la grieta se profundizó, y tanto la FADA como la
AMDA rivalizaron en la organización de torneos.
Los compradores pueden solicitar al autor un archivo que contiene las partidas en formato ChessBase (ver mail en página 3)


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9789874743770
  • Publisher: Ajedrez de Estilo
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: Spanish
  • Returnable: N
  • Weight: 1291 gr
  • ISBN-10: 9874743778
  • Publisher Date: 24 Sep 2021
  • Height: 279 mm
  • No of Pages: 542
  • Spine Width: 28 mm
  • Width: 216 mm


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